β-defensin-1 regulates influenza virus infection in human bronchial epithelial cells through the STAT3 signaling Pathway

miR-320 regulates inflammation in EAE through interference with TGF-β signaling pathway

Background: MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression and involve in many cellular and physiological mechanisems. Recent studies have revealed that dysregulation of microRNAs might contribute to autoimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis. Based on these findings, we examined the potential role of miR-320 isoforms, miR-320-3p and miR-320-5p, in the context of autoimmu...

All-trans Retinoic Acid Regulates the Balance of Treg-Th17 Cells through ERK and P38 Signaling Pathway

evaluation of the hsv-1 lat transcript expression effects on tgf-β signaling pathway in human neuroblastoma cells

objective: infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 induces viral latency in neuron trigeminal ganglions. the late associated transcript (lat) is uniquely expressed in infected neural cells, however no coding protein associated with these transcripts has been identified in infected cells. it has been shown that six micrornas transcribed from lat have the capabilities to affect the cell signal...

ACN9 Regulates the Inflammatory Responses in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells

BACKGROUND Airway epithelial cells are the first line of defense, against pathogens and environmental pollutants, in the lungs. Cellular stress by cadmium (Cd), resulting in airway inflammation, is assumed to be directly involved in tissue injury, linked to the development of lung cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We had earlier shown that ACN9 (chromosome 7q21), is a po...

Salidroside regulates the expressions of IL-6 and defensins in LPS-activated intestinal epithelial cells through NF-κB/MAPK and STAT3 pathways

Objective(s): To reveal the detailed mechanism underlying the functions of salidroside on the inflammation of intestinal epithelial cells during IBD.Materials and Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR was employed to assess the expression of IL-6, IL-10, and α-defensins 5 and 6. ELISA assay was performed to measure the secretion of IL-6 and IL-10. MTT assay was used to determine the cell viabilit...